NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms

The questions and answers for Class 7 History Chapter New Kings and Kingdoms help students understand the major political changes that took place in the Indian subcontinent between the seventh and twelfth centuries. This period saw the rise of powerful regional kingdoms and new forms of administration.

The chapter focuses on important dynasties such as the Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas, and Palas. Students learn how these rulers expanded their territories, fought battles to gain power, and maintained control over their kingdoms. The chapter also explains the role of samantas (feudal lords) and how land grants were used to reward officials, soldiers, and religious institutions.

A key feature of this period was the growth of temple construction. Kings built grand temples not only for worship but also to show their power and wealth. These temples became important centres of culture, learning, and economic activity.

The chapter also introduces students to new titles adopted by kings, different forms of taxation, and the changing relationship between rulers and local chiefs. Overall, New Kings and Kingdoms helps students understand how early medieval Indian politics developed and how these changes shaped society, culture, and administration in that era.

Class 7 History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms Questions Answers

1. Match the Following:

Answer:

2. Who Were the Parties Involved in the “Tripartite Struggle”? 

Three parties were involved in the “tripartite struggle” and fought for control over Kannauj. These three parties were the Gurjara-Pratihara, Rashtrakuta and Pala dynasties.

3. What were the qualifications necessary to become a member of a committee of the sabha in the Chola empire? 

The following qualifications were necessary for becoming a member of the sabha in the Chola empire:

• To become members of the sabha, one should be the owner of the land from which land revenue is collected and should have their own home.

• One should be aged between 35 years and 70 years of age and should have knowledge of the Vedas.

• One should be honest and well-versed in administrative matters.

• If anyone has been a member of any committee in the last three years, he cannot become a member of another committee.
• Anyone who has not submitted his accounts or of his relatives, cannot contest the elections.

4. What were the two major cities under the control of the Chahamanas? 

The two major cities that were under the control of the Chahamanas were Delhi and Ajmer

.5. How did the Rashtrakutas become powerful? 

The Rashtrakutas in the Deccan were subordinate to the Chalukyas of Karnataka. During the mid-8th century, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, overthrew his Chalukya overlord and performed a ritual called ‘Hiranya-garbha’ with the help of Brahmanas. During this period, it was thought that the sacrifice would be reborn as a Kshatriya, even if he was not one by birth. Also, they fought against the dynasties of Gurjara Pratihara and Palas. Thus, they successfully established kingdoms in Karnataka and Rajasthan respectively.

 6. What did the new dynasties do to gain acceptance?

To gain acceptance, the new dynasties took on new titles and performed religious rituals to become a part of the Kshatriyas. They were regarded as subordinates or Samantas by their overlords and later declared themselves to be maha-Samanta after gaining power and wealth. The new dynasties also engaged themselves in warfare to assert their power and carve kingdoms for themselves.

 7. What kind of irrigation works were developed in the Tamil region? 

During the fifth or sixth century, the areas near the Kaveri river in Tamil Nadu were opened up for large-scale cultivation. The irrigation works that were developed in the Tamil region led to the development of water channels for agriculture, construction of embankments to prevent floods and digging of wells and tanks for storage of water.

 8. What were the activities associated with Chola temples? 

Chola temples were centres of craft production and often became the nuclei of settlements, which grew around them. The Chola temples were not only places of worship but also the hub of economic, social and cultural life. They were also endowed with land by rulers, as well as by others. The produce of this land went into maintaining all the specialists who worked at the temple. Among the crafts associated with temples, the making of bronze images became the most distinctive and these bronze images are still considered the finest in the world. Most of these bronze images were of deities, while some of these images depicted devotees as well.

Mastering New Kings and Kingdoms Class 7 Questions and Answers for History

When you learn how subordinates like Samantas finally called themselves "Maha-samantas" to create their own separate states, history comes to life. You can picture the Tripartite Struggle over Kanauj and the amazing local self-government of the Cholas by looking at the new kings and kingdoms class 7 questions and answers ncert solutions. A lot of students say that using a new kings and kingdoms class 7 questions and answers helps them remember the hard-to-remember names of kings and the areas they ruled.

You can learn more about how rites like the "Hiranya-garbha" let non-Kshatriyas be reincarnated as warriors by doing extra kings and kingdoms class 7 questions and answers. If you're getting ready for a school quiz or looking for a new kings and kingdoms class 7 questions and answers mcq bank, it's important to focus on the link between temple wealth and medieval warfare.

The Rise of New Dynasties

By the seventh century, big landlords or warrior chiefs existed in various regions. Existing kings often acknowledged them as their subordinates or Samantas.

• The Power Shift: As Samantas gained wealth and power, they asserted independence.

• The Rashtrakutas: Initially subordinate to the Chalukyas of Karnataka, Dantidurga performed a ritual to establish his own kingdom.

• Military Skill: Families from Brahmanical backgrounds, like the Kadamba Mayurasharman, traded their traditional professions for military careers to build kingdoms in Karnataka and Rajasthan.

The Kingdoms' Government and Money

The new kings adopted high-sounding titles such as Maharaja-adhiraja (great king, overlord of kings) and Tribhuvana-chakravartin (lord of the three worlds). However, they still shared power with their Samantas and associations of peasants and Brahmanas.

1. Resources: These were obtained from producers like peasants, cattle-keepers, and artisans, who were often compelled to surrender part of their produce as "rent."

2. Revenue Usage: The wealth collected was used to finance the king’s establishment, build temples and forts, and fight wars.

3. Officials: Revenue collection positions were often hereditary and given to influential families or close relatives of the king.

Prashastis and Land Grants

Prashastis contain details that may not be literally true but tell us how rulers wanted to depict themselves—as valiant, victorious warriors.

• Authors: These were composed by learned Brahmanas who occasionally helped in the administration.

• Copper Plates: Kings rewarded Brahmanas with grants of land, recorded on copper plates. These plates were often held together by a ring with the royal seal.

Warfare for Wealth: The Tripartite Struggle

For centuries, rulers belonging to the Gurjara-Pratihara, Rashtrakuta, and Pala dynasties fought for control over Kanauj. Because there were three "parties" in this long-drawn-in conflict, historians often describe it as the "tripartite struggle."

Rulers also tried to demonstrate their power by building large temples. When they attacked one another's kingdoms, they often targeted temples, which were sometimes extremely rich. Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, for example, targeted wealthy temples like Somnath in Gujarat to carry away immense wealth to his capital.

The Greatness of the Chola Empire

The Cholas rose to power from a small family of Uraiyur. Vijayalaya captured the Kaveri delta and built the town of Thanjavur.

• Architecture: Rajaraja I and Rajendra I built magnificent temples at Thanjavur and Gangaikonda-cholapuram, which were hubs of social, economic, and cultural life.

• Bronze Sculpture: Chola bronze images are considered amongst the finest in the world, often depicting deities and occasionally devotees.

• Agriculture: The Cholas developed sophisticated irrigation systems, including embankments to prevent flooding and canals to carry water to the fields.

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