Shivam Singh19 Jun, 2025
Fundamental rights of Indian Constitution are special rights given to every citizen of India. These rights are very important as they help us live safely, freely, and with dignity. The fundamental rights in India make sure that all people are treated equally, without any difference based on religion, caste, gender, or place of birth.
When we learn what are fundamental rights, we understand that these rights protect us from being treated unfairly. These rights are written in the Constitution of India, which is the highest law of our country. The Constitution gives us 6 fundamental rights that every citizen must know.
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Fundamental rights of Indian constitution are special rights that are stronger than ordinary rights. If a citizen's fundamental right is taken away, they can directly go to the Supreme Court for help. These rights ensure fairness and equal chances for everyone.
Some of the key features that sum up the answer to the question "What Are Fundamental Rights?" are given here:
Special Rights Protected by the Constitution: Fundamental rights in India are written in the Constitution and protected by law. They cannot be easily changed or removed.
For Citizens and Others: Some fundamental rights in Indian constitution are only for Indian citizens, while some rights, like protection from unfair treatment, are for all people in India.
Limited Rights: Fundamental rights of Indian constitution have limits. For example, freedom of speech cannot be used to hurt others or disturb peace. The government can stop some rights to protect the country’s safety.
Court Protection: If a person’s fundamental right is not given, they can go to the Supreme Court or High Court for help.
Can Be Stopped in Emergency: During a national emergency, some fundamental rights in India can be stopped for a short time, but the rights under Article 20 and Article 21 can never be stopped.
Fundamental rights in Indian constitution are the basic rights that are made for all citizens by the Constitution. These rights are protected by law, which means if anyone’s fundamental right is taken away or denied, they can go to court to get justice. This shows that the fundamental rights of Indian Constitution are not just written rules but also strong protections for every person.
The main aim of fundamental rights in Indian Constitution is to help people grow with freedom and respect. These rights are important for building a good life and a better society. The Constitution of India has listed six important rights for citizens. These are known as the 6 fundamental rights of India, as outlined here:
Right to Equality (Article 14-18)
Right to Freedom (Article 19-22)
Right against Exploitation
Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25-28)
Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29-30)
Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
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6 fundamental rights of India are the basic rights that help all citizens of the nation live with respect, freedom, and safety. These rights are written in the fundamental rights of Indian Constitution and are given equally to all citizens of India. Let us now understand the 6 Fundamental Rights of India one by one:
The Right to Equality is one of the most important fundamental rights in Indian Constitution. This right means that every person in India is treated as equal in the eyes of the law. No one can be treated differently because of their caste, religion, race, gender, or place of birth.
The fundamental right to equality makes sure that all people get the same chances in schools, jobs, and other places.
This right also says that everyone must be given equal opportunity in government jobs. The government cannot show favor or hate towards anyone just because they are from a particular religion or caste. This is written in Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution.
The Right to Equality helps to build a fair and respectful society. For example, men and women must be paid the same salary if they are doing the same work. Also, whether a person is rich or poor, the law will treat everyone in the same way.
The Right to Freedom gives all Indian citizens many kinds of freedom. This right allows people to speak freely, choose their own job, live anywhere in India, travel to any part of the country, and meet or form groups with other people. It also gives the freedom to move around without fear and to express personal thoughts and ideas.
But this right also comes with some rules. Freedom does not mean we can harm or insult others. Every person should use their freedom carefully, without hurting someone’s feelings or creating problems in society.
For example, students can say what they believe, but they should not use bad words or spread hate. Also, anyone can move from one city to another in India without any problem. People can also choose the work they like and live in any part of the country.
This fundamental right of Indian Constitution helps people live a free and happy life, but always with respect for others.
The Right Against Exploitation is a very important fundamental right in Indian Constitution. It protects people from being treated badly or unfairly at work. This right says that no one can force another person to work against their will, not even by offering money. If someone is made to work for less than the minimum wage, it is also seen as forced work, which is not allowed.
This right also stops child labor. Children below the age of 14 years cannot be made to work in shops, factories, or other places. The Constitution also says that human trafficking (buying and selling people for illegal work) is completely banned in India.
For example, if an employer gives very little salary or forces a worker to do extra work without permission, it is against this fundamental right. Also, no child should be made to work anywhere, whether it is in a hotel, factory, or home.
India is a country full of different cultures, religions, and languages. Cultural and Educational Rights help people from all communities to protect their own language, religion, and way of living. This fundamental right in Indian Constitution is very important, especially for people who belong to smaller groups or minorities.
Minorities are groups that may speak a different language or follow a different religion from the majority of the people. This right gives them the freedom to start their own schools and teach their own language and culture there. It helps in saving their traditions so that they do not feel left out in the country.
For example, Sikhs are allowed to carry the Kirpan (a small religious sword) even in places where sharp objects are usually not allowed. Also, people from any community can celebrate their cultural and religious festivals freely in India, as long as they follow the country’s rules.
India is known as a secular country, which means the country does not have any special religion of its own. The Right to Freedom of Religion is a very important fundamental right of Indian Constitution.
This right allows all people in India to follow any religion they like. Children, families, and even visitors from other countries have the freedom to pray, worship, and celebrate religious events in their own way.
The government cannot force anyone to follow a particular religion. Also, no person can be made to pay money for a religious event that they do not follow. The government must stay neutral and should not promote or support one religion over another.
However, this freedom should always be peaceful. No one can use their religion to hurt others, disturb public peace, or insult other religions.
For example, a citizen of India can choose to follow Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, or any other religion, and the government cannot stop them. Also, the government cannot punish or treat anyone badly just because of their religion.
The Right to Constitutional Remedies is a very special fundamental right in India. It gives the power to all citizens to go to the court if their fundamental rights are being taken away or not respected. This right is written in Article 32 and Article 226 of the Indian Constitution.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the father of the Indian Constitution, called Article 32 the heart and soul of the Constitution. It is important because it helps to protect all other rights.
If any person feels their fundamental rights are not given, they can directly ask the Supreme Court or High Court for help. The court can make the government or anyone else stop breaking those rights. This right makes sure that every person in India is safe under the law.
For example, if someone is treated unfairly because of their religion, caste, or gender, they can directly go to the court to get justice. People can also file a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) to protect the rights of many people together.
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Fundamental rights in India are very important to protect citizens and help the country stay fair and strong. These rights are important because they:
Protect Personal Freedom: Fundamental rights of Indian constitution protect people from unfair actions by the government. They help citizens live freely, speak openly, and work without fear.
Support Equality: Fundamental rights in India make sure that everyone is treated equally, no matter their religion, caste, gender, or background. They stop unfair treatment and promote fairness.
Help in Getting Justice: Fundamental rights of Indian constitution allow people to ask for justice. Everyone has the right to a fair trial and can go to court if their rights are not given.
Make Democracy Strong: Fundamental rights help citizens take part in the country’s democracy. They give people the freedom to speak, vote, and question their leaders.
Protect Human Dignity: Fundamental rights in India make sure that every person is respected and can live with self-pride and independence.
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